關于亢可替的科研論文作為封面文章在SCI收錄期刊《Food&Function》2019年5月第五期第十卷中發(fā)表?！禙ood & Function》是Royal Society of Chemistry出版社旗下的國際著名科學期刊，分區(qū)是SCI一區(qū)，影響因子3.289。
在文中亢可替被稱為 “酵母糖蛋白”，這意味著在替代抗生素應用領域，酵母類產(chǎn)品取得了突破性研究進展。
該論文是由安琪酵母股份有限公司與中國科學院亞熱帶農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)研究所聯(lián)合發(fā)表，研究了亢可替在斷奶仔豬日糧中替代AGPs后，仔豬生長性能、腸道黏膜形態(tài)、免疫應答和結腸微生物群的變化情況。試驗結果證明，亢可替是一種有效的抗生素替代品。
圖1：本期期刊封面
圖2：期刊影響因子
試驗動物為240頭斷奶仔豬，在日糧中用800g/t亢可替取代25%喹烯酮200g/t +4%恩拉霉素800 g/t。研究結果如下：
提高斷奶仔豬生長性能
提高期末體重(0.05<P<0.1)，提高日增重(P<0.05)、降低料肉比(P<0.05)。
改善腸道健康
1、維護腸道屏障
對血清DAO檢查可以揭示腸粘膜損傷程度。在腸粘膜上皮細胞和屏障功能受損的情況下，DAO的釋放增加，DAO進入細胞外空間、淋巴管和血流，從而提高了血清DAO的水平。因此，DAO的活動是腸道屏障結構損傷和修復的標志，反映了腸道上皮細胞的成熟程度和腸道粘膜的通透性?？股亟M中的仔豬含有更多的DAO，表明抗生素對仔豬腸粘膜有一定程度損害。而亢可替可降低DAO（二胺氧化酶）的血清含量（P＜0.01）。
2、促進腸道黏膜發(fā)育，確保腸道結構完整性
組織學評價表明，亢可替通過增加回腸絨毛高度（P<0.05）、降低回腸絨毛深度（P<0.01）、降低回腸絨毛寬度（P<0.05）來促進腸道發(fā)育?？嚎商嫱ㄟ^提高十二指腸和空腸黏膜中緊密連接蛋白的m-RNA表達量（P<0.05）來確保腸道結構的完整性。
3、增加乳酸菌相對豐富度
結腸微生物群結果表明，亢可替的添加增加了乳酸菌的相對豐度（P<0.05）。
緩解炎癥
有趣的發(fā)現(xiàn)，亢可替能緩解炎癥。在十二指腸黏膜中，亢可替降低了IL-12（白細胞介素-12）的m-RNA表達（P<0.05），提高了Hsp-70（熱休克蛋白-70）的m-RNA表達（P<0.05）。在空腸黏膜中，亢可替降低了Hsp-70的m-RNA表達（P<0.05），降低了IFN-γ（P<0.05），提高了Hsp-90的m-RNA表達（P<0.05）。在回腸黏膜中，亢可替提高了Hsp-70 的m-RNA表達（P<0.05）。表明亢可替不僅減少了全身炎癥，還減少了局部炎癥。
降低飽腹感
結腸代謝物檢測結果表明，亢可替可降低乙酸鹽含量（P<0.05）。乙酸鹽屬于微生物發(fā)酵產(chǎn)物短鏈脂肪酸（SCFAs）的一種，而且是外周循環(huán)中最豐富的SCFAs，乙酸鹽通過中樞穩(wěn)態(tài)機制穿過血腦屏障，并降低食欲。而亢可替可以降低腸道乙酸鹽含量，從而降低飽腹感，提高采食量。
論文原文摘要
《Effects of dietary supplementation with yeast glycoprotein on growth performance, intestinal mucosal morphology, immune response and colonic microbiota in weaned piglets》
Antibiotics are commonly provided to weaned piglets, however, this practice has become controversial due to increased occurrences of microbial resistance, and alternatives are needed. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with yeast glycoprotein (YG) or antibiotics on growth performance, intestinal mucosal morphology, immune response and colonic microbiome in weaned piglets. A total of 240 weaned piglets (d 23 ± 2) from 16 pens (15 piglets/pen) were randomly assigned into an antibiotics group (25% Quinocetone 200 mg/kg and 4% Enduracidin 800 mg/kg of the basal diet), or a YG group (800 mg/kg YG of the diet), respectively. One piglet per pen was chosen to collect plasma, intestinal tissue and colonic digesta samples after 14 days feedings. The results indicate that piglets fed diets containing YG tended to increase final body weight (0.05<P<0.1), increased average daily gain (P<0.05) and decreased F/G (P<0.05) when compared with antibiotics group. Moreover, intestinal permeability showed that YG led to lower serum content of DAO (P<0.01). Histological evaluations showed that YG contributed to improving the intestinal development via increasing villous height (P<0.05) and the villous height to crypt depth ratio (P<0.01), decreasing crypt depth (P<0.01) and villous width (P<0.05) in the ileum. Intestinal integrity also showed that YG conduced to improving the intestinal development via upregulating the m-RNA expression of occludin (P<0.05) in the duodenal and jejunal mucosa. Interestingly, YG supplement downregulated the m-RNA expression of IL-12 (P<0.05), upregulated the m-RNA expression of Hsp-70 (P<0.05) in the duodenal mucosa, downregulated the m-RNA expression of Hsp-70 (P<0.05), IFN-γ (P<0.05), upregulated the m-RNA expression of Hsp-90 (P<0.05) in the jejunal mucosa, and upregulated the m-RNA expression of Hsp-70 (P<0.05) in the ileal mucosa. On the other hand, colonic microbiome results showed that YG supplement increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus (P<0.05). Colonic metabolites results showed that YG supplement decreased the content of acetate (P<0.05). Taken together, it is speculated that YG would be a potent alternative to prophylactic antibiotics in improving the gut health in weaned piglets.
論文原文
